2025ApJ...993L..11X

Query : 2025ApJ...993L..11X

2025ApJ...993L..11X - Astrophys. J., 993, L11 (2025/November-1)

Comparing XRISM Cluster Velocity Dispersions with Predictions from Cosmological Simulations: Are Feedback Models Too Ejective?

XRISM COLLABORATION, AUDARD M., AWAKI H., BALLHAUSEN R., BAMBA A., BEHAR E., BOISSAY-MALAQUIN R., BRENNEMAN L., BROWN G.V., CORRALES L., COSTANTINI E., CUMBEE R., DIAZ TRIGO M., DONE C., DOTANI T., EBISAWA K., ECKART M.E., ECKERT D., EGUCHI S., ENOTO T., EZOE Y., FOSTER A., FUJIMOTO R., FUJITA Y., FUKAZAWA Y., FUKUSHIMA K., FURUZAWA A., GALLO L., GARCIA J.A., GU L., GUAINAZZI M., HAGINO K., HAMAGUCHI K., HATSUKADE I., HAYASHI K., HAYASHI T., HELL N., HODGES-KLUCK E., HORNSCHEMEIER A., ICHINOHE Y., ISHI D., ISHIDA M., ISHIKAWA K., ISHISAKI Y., KAASTRA J., KALLMAN T., KARA E., KATSUDA S., KANEMARU Y., KELLEY R., KILBOURNE C., KITAMOTO S., KOBAYASHI S., KOHMURA T., KUBOTA A., LEUTENEGGER M., LOEWENSTEIN M., MAEDA Y., MARKEVITCH M., MATSUMOTO H., MATSUSHITA K., McCAMMON D., McNAMARA B., MERNIER F., MILLER E.D., MILLER J.M., MITSUISHI I., MIZUMOTO M., MIZUNO T., MORI K., MUKAI K., MURAKAMI H., MUSHOTZKY R., NAKAJIMA H., NAKAZAWA K., NESS J.-U., NOBUKAWA K., NOBUKAWA M., NODA H., ODAKA H., OGAWA S., OGORZALEK A., OKAJIMA T., OTA N., PALTANI S., PETRE R., PLUCINSKY P., PORTER F.S., POTTSCHMIDT K., SATO K., SATO T., SAWADA M., SETA H., SHIDATSU M., SIMIONESCU A., SMITH R., SUZUKI H., SZYMKOWIAK A., TAKAHASHI H., TAKEO M., TAMAGAWA T., TAMURA K., TANAKA T., TANIMOTO A., TASHIRO M., TERADA Y., TERASHIMA Y., TSUBOI Y., TSUJIMOTO M., TSUNEMI H., TSURU T., TUMER A., UCHIDA H., UCHIDA N., UCHIDA Y., UCHIYAMA H., UEDA S., UEDA Y., UNO S., VINK J., WATANABE S., WILLIAMS B.J., YAMADA S., YAMADA S., YAMAGUCHI H., YAMAOKA K., YAMASAKI N., YAMAUCHI M., YAMAUCHI S., YAQOOB T., YONEYAMA T., YOSHIDA T., YUKITA M., ZHURAVLEVA I., CUI W., ETTORI S., GRAYSON S., HEINRICH A., McCALL H., NELSON D., OKABE N., OMIYA Y., SARKAR A., SCANNAPIECO E., SUN M., TANAKA K., TRUONG N., WIK D.R., ZHANG C. and ZUHONE J.

Abstract (from CDS):

The dynamics of the intracluster medium (ICM), the hot plasma that fills galaxy clusters, are shaped by gravity-driven cluster mergers and feedback from supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in the cluster cores. XRISM measurements of ICM velocities in several clusters offer insights into these processes. We compare XRISM measurements for nine galaxy clusters (Virgo, Perseus, Centaurus, Hydra-A, PKS 0745-19, A2029, Coma, A2319, and Ophiuchus) with predictions from three state-of-the-art cosmological simulation suites, TNG-Cluster, the Three Hundred Project GADGET-X, and GIZMO-SIMBA, that employ different models of feedback. In cool cores, XRISM reveals systematically lower velocity dispersions than the simulations predict, with all 10 measurements below the median simulated values by a factor of 1.5-1.7 on average and all falling within the bottom 10% of the predicted distributions. The observed kinetic-to-total pressure ratio is also lower, with a median value of 2.2%, compared to the predicted 5.0%-6.5% for the three simulations. Outside the cool cores and in non-cool-core (NCC) clusters, simulations show better agreement with XRISM measurements, except for the outskirts of the relaxed, cool-core cluster A2029, which exhibits an exceptionally low kinetic pressure support (<1%), with none of the simulated systems in either of the three suites reaching such low levels. The NCC Coma and A2319 exhibit dispersions at the lower end but within the simulated spread. Our comparison suggests that the three numerical models may overestimate the kinetic effects of SMBH feedback in cluster cores. Additional XRISM observations of NCC clusters will clarify if there is a systematic tension in the gravity-dominated regime as well.

Abstract Copyright: © 2025. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

Journal keyword(s): Hydrodynamical simulations - Galaxy clusters - Intracluster medium - High resolution spectroscopy

Simbad objects: 9

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Number of rows : 9
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 ACO 426 ClG 03 19 47.6 +41 30 54           ~ 2508 1
2 ClG 0745-1910 ClG 07 47 32.4 -19 18 23           ~ 378 0
3 ACO 780 ClG 09 18 30 -12 15.7           ~ 469 0
4 NAME Virgo Cluster ClG 12 30 47.8 +12 23 07           ~ 7107 0
5 ACO 3526 ClG 12 48 49.2 -41 18 17           ~ 1154 2
6 ACO 1656 ClG 12 59 44.40 +27 54 44.9           ~ 5141 2
7 ACO 2029 ClG 15 10 54.2 +05 44 23           ~ 1020 0
8 BAX 258.1082-23.3759 ClG 17 12 26.3 -23 21 38           ~ 303 0
9 ACO 2319 ClG 19 21 14.0 +43 56 57           ~ 495 1

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