2025ApJ...993L..16Z

Query : 2025ApJ...993L..16Z

2025ApJ...993L..16Z - Astrophys. J., 993, L16 (2025/November-1)

A Census of Pulsars in Possible Association with Galactic Open Clusters.

ZHOU L., YOU Z.-Q., LI L., LIU X.-J., ZHU X.-J. and ZHU Z.-H.

Abstract (from CDS):

Among the ∼4000 known pulsars in our Galaxy, ≲10% are found in globular clusters, but none has been confirmed in any open clusters yet, although they outnumber globular clusters by about 20 times. In this work, we make use of the Gaia DR3 catalog of Galactic open clusters and conduct a pulsar census in order to identify pulsars that are either (1) current members of open clusters or (2) escaped from open clusters to the field. Among 164 pulsars with independent distance measurements and 3530 open clusters, we find that 4 pulsars are likely residing in open clusters. In particular, we find compelling evidence that the binary pulsar J1302-6350 (B1259-63) is a member of the open cluster UBC 525; based on Gaia data, we update its distance to be 2.26 ± 0.07 kpc and measure the mass of its companion Be star LS 2883 to be 16.8 M⊙. For 145 pulsars with both distance and proper motion measurements and 2967 open clusters with full kinematic parameters, we trace the past trajectories of both pulsars and open clusters in the Galactic gravitational potential and find pulsars that were within 3 times the radius of a cluster. This results in 19 pulsars that were likely born in open clusters. We discuss implications for the formation history of PSR J1302-6350 and highlight the scientific potential of searching for pulsars in open clusters.

Abstract Copyright: © 2025. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

Journal keyword(s): Pulsars - Open star clusters - Radio pulsars

Simbad objects: 194

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Number of rows : 194
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 PSR J0030+0451 Psr 00 30 27.42348 +04 51 39.7144           ~ 596 1
2 PSR B0031-07 Psr 00 34 08.9100 -07 21 56.000           ~ 350 0
3 PSR B0037+56 Psr 00 40 32.3899 +57 16 24.833           ~ 44 0
4 PSR B0052+51 Psr 00 55 45.3981 +51 17 24.601           ~ 52 0
5 PSR B0059+65 Psr 01 02 32.9914 +65 37 13.416           ~ 47 0
6 PSR B0105+65 Psr 01 08 22.5049 +66 08 34.499           ~ 81 0
7 PSR J0125-23 Psr 01 25 01.075151 -23 27 08.13167           ~ 20 0
8 PSR B0136+57 Psr 01 39 19.744 +58 14 31.73     13.41     ~ 163 0
9 PSR B0138+59 Psr 01 41 39.938 +60 09 32.30     12.85     ~ 120 0
10 PSR B0144+59 Psr 01 47 44.6434 +59 22 03.284           ~ 69 0
11 PSR B0154+61 Psr 01 57 49.9434 +62 12 26.648           ~ 127 0
12 PSR J0205+6449 Psr 02 05 37.92 +64 49 42.8           ~ 268 1
13 PSR J0218+42 Psr 02 18 06.3604 +42 32 17.365           ~ 365 2
14 PSR J0248+6021 Psr 02 48 18.642 +60 21 34.70           ~ 63 1
15 NAME Magellanic Clouds GrG 03 00 -71.0           ~ 7988 0
16 PSR B0320+39 Psr 03 23 26.6619 +39 44 52.403           ~ 139 0
17 PSR B0329+54 Psr 03 32 59.3370698592 +54 34 45.028206408           ~ 690 1
18 PSR B0331+45 Psr 03 35 16.6416 +45 55 53.452           ~ 47 0
19 PSR J0348+0432 Psr 03 48 43.6363173480 +04 32 11.461921260           ~ 311 2
20 PSR B0355+54 Psr 03 58 53.7165 +54 13 13.727           ~ 465 1
21 PSR J0437-47 Psr 04 37 15.7994581776 -47 15 08.544351636           DC 1032 0
22 PSR B0450+55 Psr 04 54 07.709 +55 43 41.51           ~ 174 0
23 CWNU 2136 OpC 05 22 48 +23 55.3           ~ 2 0
24 V* CM Tau Psr 05 34 31.9474694616 +22 00 52.153698024           ~ 5476 0
25 PSR J0538+2813 Psr 05 38 25.06 +28 17 11.0           ~ 224 1
26 PSR B0559-05 Psr 06 01 58.97310 -05 27 50.9200           ~ 102 0
27 NGC 2169 OpC 06 08 31.0 +13 57 46   5.99 5.9     ~ 173 0
28 PSR J0610-2100 Psr 06 10 13.602953 -21 00 27.74435           ~ 116 0
29 [KC2019] Theia 3475 As* 06 11 05.3 +24 41 08           ~ 1 0
30 PSR B0611+22 Psr 06 14 17.0324288405 +22 29 57.017874999           ~ 285 0
31 NGC 2202 OpC 06 16.9 +06 00           ~ 15 1
32 PSR J0621+10 Psr 06 21 22.11108 +10 02 38.7410           ~ 128 1
33 PSR B0626+24 Psr 06 29 05.7273 +24 15 41.546           ~ 123 0
34 PSR B0628-28 Psr 06 30 49.35000 -28 34 42.1000           ~ 313 1
35 PSR J0636+5129 Psr 06 36 04.84645 +51 28 59.9625           ~ 101 0
36 PSR J0636-3044 Psr 06 36 34.398358 -30 44 01.10761           ~ 11 0
37 PSR J0645+5158 Psr 06 45 59.08191 +51 58 14.9210           ~ 65 0
38 [KC2019] Theia 379 As* 06 57 56.55 +00 28 53.0           ~ 3 0
39 PSR B0656+14 Psr 06 59 48.18800 +14 14 19.2000   24.85 24.90     ~ 943 1
40 CWNU 45 OpC 07 11 22.7 -27 54 38           ~ 3 0
41 Cl Collinder 132 OpC 07 13 55.4 -30 41 55     3.6     ~ 78 0
42 [KC2019] Theia 172 As* 07 19 44.68 +02 51 00.8           ~ 5 0
43 PSR B0727-18 Psr 07 29 32.2900 -18 36 42.210           ~ 102 0
44 PSR J0737-3039A Psr 07 37 51.24669 -30 39 40.6895           ~ 317 1
45 [KC2019] Theia 3397 As* 07 38 17.5 -26 23 38           ~ 3 0
46 [HXW2022] OC-0450 OpC 07 52 06.4 -42 21 57           ~ 4 0
47 PSR B0809+74 Psr 08 14 59.500 +74 29 05.70           ~ 425 0
48 PSR B0818-13 Psr 08 20 26.40700 -13 50 56.3200           ~ 229 0
49 PSR J0823+0159 Psr 08 23 09.78731 +01 59 12.6003           DA 244 0
50 PSR B0823+26 Psr 08 26 51.5068 +26 37 21.297           ~ 541 1
51 NAME Vela Pulsar Psr 08 35 20.65525 -45 10 35.1545     15.10     ~ 2446 1
52 PSR B0834+06 Psr 08 37 05.64620 +06 10 15.8700           ~ 472 0
53 PSR B0919+06 Psr 09 22 13.85000 +06 38 19.0000           ~ 329 1
54 HD 83277 Pe* 09 36 31.8232900848 -27 57 45.149470020   8.57 8.29     F2VkA3mA3_lB? 46 0
55 PSR B0950+08 Psr 09 53 09.31210 +07 55 36.9000           ~ 806 2
56 PSR J1012+5307 Psr 10 12 33.4345449600 +53 07 02.548542576     19.5     DA 419 1
57 PSR J1017-7156 Psr 10 17 51.311783 -71 56 41.57398           ~ 61 1
58 PSR J1022+10 Psr 10 22 57.990 +10 01 52.92           ~ 279 2
59 PSR J1023+0038 Psr 10 23 47.6841824712 +00 38 41.005893516     17.31     GV 470 0
60 PSR J1025-07 Psr 10 24 38.6991893112 -07 19 19.045523388     19.81 18.78 18.00 ~ 286 1
61 NAME Antlia SNR SNR 10 44 -37.2           ~ 33 1
62 PSR B1054-62 Psr 10 56 25.5840 -62 58 47.690           ~ 94 0
63 PSR J1119-6127 Psr 11 19 14.30 -61 27 49.5           ~ 439 1
64 PSR J1125-6014 Psr 11 25 55.243299 -60 14 06.80942           ~ 61 0
65 PSR B1133+16 Psr 11 36 03.09460 +15 51 15.9000           ~ 715 0
66 PSR J1231-1411 Psr 12 31 11.3069 -14 11 43.628           ~ 139 0
67 PSR B1237+25 Psr 12 39 40.386 +24 53 49.87           ~ 497 1
68 Ass Cen OB 1 As* 13 02 -61.4           ~ 107 0
69 CPD-63 2495 HXB 13 02 47.6544015048 -63 50 08.626970292 10.34 10.72 9.98 10.03   O9.5Ve 852 0
70 UBC 525 OpC 13 04 05.5 -63 56 28           ~ 7 0
71 PSR B1322+83 Psr 13 21 45.6315 +83 23 39.432           ~ 70 0
72 SNR G310.6-01.6 SNR 14 00 45.69 -63 25 42.6           ~ 45 1
73 PSR J1455-3300 Psr 14 55 47.976991 -33 30 46.40280           ~ 165 1
74 PSR B1451-68 Psr 14 56 00.0175876848 -68 43 40.034742348           ~ 203 0
75 PSR B1508+55 Psr 15 09 25.674 +55 31 32.90           ~ 322 1
76 PSR B1509-58 Psr 15 13 47.6 -59 07 54     13.06     ~ 879 1
77 PSR J1518+4904 Psr 15 18 16.832 +49 04 34.19           ~ 201 1
78 PSR B1530+27 Psr 15 32 10.3646 +27 45 49.623           ~ 122 0
79 PSR B1534+11 Psr 15 37 09.9603 +11 55 55.554           ~ 453 1
80 [KC2019] Theia 181 As* 15 42 26.83 -65 22 36.2           ~ 4 0
81 PSR B1540-06 Psr 15 43 30.1373 -06 20 45.332           ~ 131 1
82 PSR B1541+09 Psr 15 43 38.82000 +09 29 16.4000           ~ 215 1
83 PSR J1550-5418 Psr 15 50 54.18 -54 18 23.9           ~ 463 1
84 PSR B1556-44 Psr 15 59 41.5290 -44 38 45.740           ~ 140 0
85 PSR J1600-3053 Psr 16 00 51.902514 -30 53 49.45343           ~ 218 0
86 PSR B1557-50 Psr 16 00 53.0150 -50 44 21.300           ~ 119 0
87 OCSN 96 OpC 16 01.1 -22 55           ~ 9 0
88 PSR B1558-50 Psr 16 02 18.7300 -51 00 06.100           ~ 104 0
89 PSR J1604-72 Psr 16 03 35.670781 -72 02 32.82328           ~ 142 0
90 PSR B1604-00 Psr 16 07 12.078 -00 32 40.98           ~ 228 1
91 UBC 1577 OpC 16 10 45.0 -50 59 38           ~ 4 0
92 PSR J1614-2230 Psr 16 14 36.50974 -22 30 31.5420           ~ 452 1
93 PSR B1620-09 Psr 16 23 17.65800 -09 08 48.9000           ~ 59 0
94 PSR J1629-6902 Psr 16 29 08.744211 -69 02 45.46922           ~ 22 0
95 PSR J1640+2224 Psr 16 40 16.744850 +22 24 08.84119           ~ 210 0
96 PSR J1643-1224 Psr 16 43 38.16612 -12 24 58.6334           ~ 260 2
97 PSR B1641-45 Psr 16 44 49.28482 -45 59 09.6360     12.60     ~ 217 0
98 PSR B1642-03 Psr 16 45 02.0330 -03 17 57.200           ~ 394 0
99 PSR J1658-5324 Psr 16 58 39.343556 -53 24 06.97315           ~ 47 0
100 PSR B1700-18 Psr 17 03 51.10200 -18 46 13.0000           ~ 64 0
101 PSR B1706-44 Psr 17 09 42.62000 -44 29 12.0000     13.30     ~ 670 1
102 PSR J1713+0747 Psr 17 13 49.5367813 +07 47 37.450240           ~ 530 1
103 PSR B1718-35 Psr 17 21 32.76 -35 32 48.3           ~ 86 0
104 PSR J1723-2837 Psr 17 23 23.1937506912 -28 37 57.210408048   16.81 15.77 15.71   ~ 105 0
105 PSR J1730-2304 Psr 17 30 21.68471 -23 04 31.2590           ~ 194 1
106 PSR B1732-07 Psr 17 35 04.9730 -07 24 52.130           ~ 74 0
107 PSR J1738+0333 Psr 17 38 53.966386 +03 33 10.87200           ~ 191 1
108 PSR B1738-08 Psr 17 41 22.5629 -08 40 31.711           ~ 98 0
109 PSR J1741+1351 Psr 17 41 31.1499024 +13 51 44.279709           ~ 122 0
110 PSR J1744-1134 Psr 17 44 29.4220844 -11 34 54.801320           ~ 323 1
111 NAME Galactic Center reg 17 45 39.60213 -29 00 22.0000           ~ 16269 0
112 PSR J1745-2900 Psr 17 45 40.1640 -29 00 29.818           ~ 358 0
113 PSR B1753+52 Psr 17 54 22.9068 +52 01 12.244           ~ 40 0
114 PSR J1756-5322 Psr 17 57 15.154960 -53 22 26.59604           ~ 56 0
115 PSR B1758-23 Psr 18 01 19.8149 -23 04 44.630           ~ 153 0
116 PSR B1800-21 Psr 18 03 51.40000 -21 37 07.0000           ~ 278 1
117 AX J1809.8-1943 Psr 18 09 51.07 -19 43 51.8           ~ 532 0
118 PSR J1811-2405 Psr 18 11 19.854352 -24 05 18.42800           ~ 56 1
119 PSR B1818-04 Psr 18 20 52.5920 -04 27 37.120           ~ 230 0
120 Cl Mamajek 4 OpC 18 25 52.5 -50 39 31           ~ 44 0
121 PSR B1829-08 Psr 18 32 37.01300 -08 27 03.1600           ~ 79 0
122 SNR G021.5-00.9 SNR 18 33 33.612 -10 34 07.69           ~ 490 1
123 PSR B1830-08 Psr 18 33 40.24500 -08 27 30.9000           ~ 155 1
124 PSR B1831-03 Psr 18 33 41.8890 -03 39 04.430           ~ 84 0
125 PSR B1839+56 Psr 18 40 44.5372 +56 40 54.852           ~ 109 1
126 PSR B1845-01 Psr 18 48 23.59600 -01 23 58.4800           ~ 154 0
127 PSR B1849+00 Psr 18 52 27.42 +00 32 02.0           ~ 76 0
128 PSR J1853+1303 Psr 18 53 57.3183 +13 03 44.088           ~ 107 1
129 PSR B1853+01 Psr 18 56 10.65 +01 13 21.3           ~ 211 1
130 RX J1856.6-3754 Psr 18 56 35.11 -37 54 30.5     25.7     ~ 456 0
131 PSR B1855+09 Psr 18 57 36.390620 +09 43 17.20712           DA 569 1
132 PSR B1855+02 Psr 18 57 43.65400 +02 12 41.0000           ~ 65 0
133 PSR B1859+03 Psr 19 01 31.7700 +03 31 04.960           ~ 156 0
134 PSR B1859+07 Psr 19 01 39.02000 +07 16 33.6000     14.03     ~ 88 0
135 PSR J1901-0906 Psr 19 01 53.00700 -09 06 10.9000           ~ 55 0
136 PSR B1900+05 Psr 19 02 42.60000 +05 56 25.8000           ~ 86 0
137 PSR J1903+0327 Psr 19 03 05.7937 +03 27 19.222           ~ 187 1
138 PSR B1900+01 Psr 19 03 29.9860 +01 35 38.530           ~ 133 0
139 PSR B1904+06 Psr 19 06 35.244 +06 41 02.90           ~ 55 0
140 PSR J1909-3744 Psr 19 09 47.42820 -37 44 14.7740           ~ 343 2
141 PSR B1907+10 Psr 19 09 48.6222922872 +11 02 02.884778124     13.61     ~ 155 0
142 PSR J1910+1256 Psr 19 10 09.701454 +12 56 25.48680           ~ 108 1
143 PSR B1911+13 Psr 19 13 24.35200 +14 00 52.5000           ~ 75 0
144 PSR B1913+10 Psr 19 15 29.99300 +10 09 43.5800           ~ 102 0
145 PSR B1914+13 Psr 19 16 58.67000 +13 12 50.0000           ~ 99 0
146 PSR B1915+13 Psr 19 17 39.79400 +13 53 57.1600           ~ 190 0
147 PSR J1918-0642 Psr 19 18 48.027685 -06 42 34.95735           ~ 146 0
148 NGC 6791 OpC 19 20 52.8 +37 46 40   10.52 9.5     ~ 1120 0
149 PSR J1922+37 Psr 19 22 03.0 +37 46 13           ~ 3 0
150 PSR B1929+10 Psr 19 32 14.0570 +10 59 33.380           ~ 801 0
151 PSR B1930+22 Psr 19 32 22.8565447656 +22 20 52.063074024     14.52     ~ 149 0
152 PSR B1935+25 Psr 19 37 01.2544 +25 44 13.436           ~ 60 0
153 PSR B1937+21.4 Psr 19 39 38.560096 +21 34 59.13552           ~ 1142 0
154 Cl Roslund 1 OpC 19 45.0 +17 31           ~ 24 0
155 PSR J1946-5403 Psr 19 46 34.4933990 -54 03 42.558670           ~ 45 0
156 PSR B2002+31 Psr 20 04 52.286 +31 37 10.01           ~ 138 0
157 PSR B2003-08 Psr 20 06 16.36500 -08 07 02.1600           ~ 113 0
158 PSR J2010-1323 Psr 20 10 45.922635 -13 23 56.13270           ~ 93 0
159 [KC2019] Theia 4069 As* 20 15 04.0 +32 53 32           ~ 1 0
160 PSR J2017+0603 Psr 20 17 22.7048 +06 03 05.585           ~ 120 1
161 PSR B2016+28 Psr 20 18 03.8999255016 +28 39 54.940329468           ~ 374 0
162 PSR B2021+51 Psr 20 22 49.8730 +51 54 50.233           ~ 288 1
163 [MT91] 213 Psr 20 32 13.1247390384 +41 27 24.346666440 13.12 13.08 11.266     B0Vp 334 0
164 PSR B2044+15 Psr 20 46 39.33600 +15 40 33.6000           ~ 109 0
165 PSR B2045-16 Psr 20 48 35.74000 -16 16 45.0000           ~ 344 0
166 PSR B2053+36 Psr 20 55 31.3552 +36 30 21.489           ~ 103 0
167 PSR B2110+27 Psr 21 13 04.3506 +27 54 01.160           ~ 115 0
168 PSR B2111+46 Psr 21 13 24.3295 +46 44 08.844           ~ 226 1
169 PSR J2124-3358 Psr 21 24 43.834930 -33 58 45.49195           ~ 337 1
170 PSR J2129-04 Psr 21 29 45.0469239408 -04 29 06.973600236     16.68     ~ 100 0
171 PSR J2144-3939 Psr 21 44 12.01000 -39 33 58.4000           ~ 145 0
172 PSR B2145-07.8 Psr 21 45 50.45590 -07 50 18.5900           ~ 336 0
173 PSR B2148+63 Psr 21 49 58.7033 +63 29 44.277           ~ 96 0
174 PSR B2154+40 Psr 21 57 01.840 +40 17 45.89           ~ 155 0
175 CWNU 1115 OpC 22 10 49.386 +63 25 06.25           ~ 3 0
176 PSR J2214+3000 Psr 22 14 38.8480 +30 00 38.209           ~ 136 0
177 PSR J2222-0137 Psr 22 22 06.00015 -01 37 15.7827           ~ 78 0
178 PSR B2223+65 Psr 22 25 52.8627 +65 35 36.371           ~ 342 0
179 PSR J2229+6114 Psr 22 29 05.262 +61 14 08.48           ~ 252 2
180 PSR J2241-5236 Psr 22 41 42.03161 -52 36 36.2492           ~ 143 1
181 [KC2019] Theia 280 As* 22 46 50.50 +49 47 14.5           ~ 3 0
182 NGC 7438 OpC 22 57 50.9 +54 23 12           ~ 37 0
183 PSR B2255+58 Psr 22 57 57.744 +59 09 14.83     12.59     ~ 96 0
184 PSR B2303+30 Psr 23 05 58.3212 +31 00 01.281           ~ 216 0
185 PSR B2310+42 Psr 23 13 08.5976 +42 53 12.987           ~ 147 0
186 PSR B2315+21 Psr 23 17 57.8419 +21 49 48.019           ~ 119 0
187 PSR J2322+2057 Psr 23 22 22.320041 +20 57 02.50080           ~ 129 1
188 PSR J2322-2650 Psr 23 22 34.638615 -26 50 58.38398           ~ 35 0
189 [KC2019] Theia 667 As* 23 29 36.96 +64 07 45.6           ~ 4 0
190 PSR B2334+61 Psr 23 37 05.779 +61 51 01.69           ~ 206 1
191 SNR G114.3+00.3 SNR 23 37 05.780 +61 51 01.69           ~ 130 1
192 [KC2019] Theia 775 As* 23 42 59.375 +62 17 41.83           ~ 2 0
193 PSR J2347-0612 Psr 23 46 50.54000 -06 10 01.0400           ~ 68 0
194 PSR B2351+61 Psr 23 54 04.7830 +61 55 46.845           ~ 102 0

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