2025ApJ...994..121W


Query : 2025ApJ...994..121W

2025ApJ...994..121W - Astrophys. J., 994, 121 (2025/November-3)

The Serpent Eating Its Own Tail: Dust Destruction in the Apep Colliding Wind Nebula.

WHITE R.M.T., POPE B.J.S., TUTHILL P.G., HAN Y., DHOLAKIA S., LAU R.M., CALLINGHAM J.R. and RICHARDSON N.D.

Abstract (from CDS):

Much of the carbonaceous dust observed in the early Universe may originate from colliding wind binaries (CWBs) hosting hot, luminous Wolf-Rayet (W-R) stars. Downstream of the shock between the stellar winds there exists a suitable environment for dust grain formation, and the orbital motions of the stars wrap this dust into richly structured spiral geometries. The Apep system is the most extreme W-R CWB in our Milky Way: two W-R stars produce a complex spiral dust nebula, whose slow expansion has been linked to a gamma-ray burst progenitor. It has been unclear whether the O-type supergiant 0$\mathop{.}\limits^{\unicode{x02033}}$7 distant from the W-R + W-R binary is physically associated with the system, and whether it affects the dusty nebula. Multiepoch Very Large Telescope/VISIR and JWST/MIRI observations show that this northern companion star routinely carves a cavity in the dust nebula-the first time such an effect has been observed in a CWB-which unambiguously associates the O star as a bound component to the Apep system. These observations are used together with a new geometric model to infer the cavity geometry and the orbit of the W-R + W-R binary, yielding the first strong constraints on wind and orbital parameters. We confirm an orbital period of over 190 yr for the inner binary-nearly an order of magnitude longer than the next longest-period dust-producing W-R CWB. This, together with the confirmed classification as a hierarchical triple, cements Apep as a singular astrophysical laboratory for studying colliding winds and the terminal life stages of the most massive star systems.

Abstract Copyright: © 2025. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

Journal keyword(s): Massive stars - Wolf-Rayet stars - Circumstellar dust - Stellar winds - Dust nebulae

Simbad objects: 9

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Number of rows : 9
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA
ICRS (J2000)
DEC
Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026
#notes
1 WR 19 WR* 10 18 04.9885430688 -58 16 26.244521868   14.80 13.85     WC5+O9 74 0
2 WR 48a WR* 13 12 39.6052790136 -62 42 55.939362876       16.081   WC6 106 0
3 AX J1600.9-5142 WR* 16 00 50.47872 -51 42 44.9784           WC8+WN4-6b 27 1
4 MR 80 WR* 18 02 04.1244400656 -23 37 42.168277056   15.002 13.155 12.056   WC9 241 1
5 WR 112 WR* 18 16 33.4909366272 -18 58 42.341845368   20.7 17.7     WC8+O6/7III/V 143 0
6 MR 93 WR* 19 28 15.6142522320 +19 33 21.527693100   14.83       WC7+O9(III) 114 0
7 HD 192641 WR* 20 14 31.7666855880 +36 39 39.598210224 7.80 8.20 7.91     WC7pd+O9V 347 0
8 HD 193793 WR* 20 20 27.9757908696 +43 51 16.286840244 6.90 7.25 6.85 4.58   WC7pd+O5.5fc 754 0
9 EM* AS 431 WR* 20 36 43.6322747712 +40 21 07.442607924     13.73 12.51   WN8(h)+B0.5V 228 0

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