2025MNRAS.540.1144F

Query : 2025MNRAS.540.1144F

2025MNRAS.540.1144F - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 540, 1144-1162 (2025/June-2)

The eccentricity distribution of warm sub-Saturns in TESS.

FAIRNINGTON T.R., DONG J., HUANG C.X., NABBIE E., ZHOU G., WRIGHT D., COLLINS K.A., JENKINS J.M., LATHAM D.W., RICKER G., QUINN S.N., SEAGER S., SHPORER A., VANDERSPEK R., WINN J.N., AJIZIAN C., FUKUI A., BAKER D., CONZO G., FISHER R.S., FORES-TORIBIO R., GAN T., GARMASH A., IKUTA K., LARK A., DE LEON J.P., LINNENKOHL K., MANN C.R., MITCHEM O., MORI M., MUNOZ J.A., NARITA N., POPOWICZ A., RADFORD D., RANDOLPH J., RODRIGUEZ FRUSTAGLIA F., SCHWARZ R.P., STOCKDALE C., WANG J., WATANABE N., WILKIN F.P., ZIELINSKI K.S., ESPARZA-BORGES E., MURGAS F., PALLE E., HANNU P., YALCINKAYA S. and BASTURK O.

Abstract (from CDS):

We present the eccentricity distribution of warm sub-Saturns (4-8 $R_{\rm{\oplus }}$, 8-200 d periods) as derived from an analysis of transit light curves from NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission. We use the 'photoeccentric' effect to constrain the eccentricities of 76 planets, comprising 60 and 16 from single and multitransiting systems, respectively. We employ Hierarchical Bayesian Modelling to infer the eccentricity distribution of the population, testing both a Beta and Mixture Beta distribution. We identify a few highly eccentric (${e\sim 0.7-0.8}$) warm sub-Saturns with eccentricities that appear too high to be explained by disc migration or planet-planet scattering alone, suggesting high-eccentricity migration may play a role in their formation. The majority of the population have a mean eccentricity of $\bar{e} = 0.103^{+0.047}_{-0.045}$, consistent with both planet-disc and planet-planet interactions. Notably, we find that the highly eccentric sub-Saturns occur in single-transiting systems. This study presents the first evidence at the population level that the eccentricities of sub-Saturns may be sculpted by dynamical processes.

Abstract Copyright: © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society.

Journal keyword(s): exoplanets - planets and satellites: detection - planets and satellites: fundamental parameters

Simbad objects: 159

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Number of rows : 159
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 TOI-2309.01 Pl? 00 11 46.6219587480 -68 34 12.488748744           ~ 1 0
2 CD-69 2 * 00 11 46.6219587480 -68 34 12.488748744   10.966 10.517     ~ 8 0
3 UCAC4 575-000926 * 00 22 23.9709241537 +24 52 01.605863576   11.818 11.182 11.032   ~ 1 0
4 TOI-6203.01 Pl? 00 22 23.9709241537 +24 52 01.605863576           ~ 1 0
5 UCAC4 286-001256 PM* 01 12 58.0482080918 -32 57 57.671372848   13.680 12.770 12.570   ~ 1 0
6 TOI-2408.01 Pl? 01 12 58.0482080918 -32 57 57.671372848           ~ 1 0
7 TYC 9355-1338-1 PM* 01 16 15.9203667912 -79 53 38.169946860   11.465 10.911     ~ 5 0
8 TOI-6724.01 Pl? 01 16 15.9203667912 -79 53 38.169946860           ~ 1 0
9 TOI-4010 * 01 20 51.4586151266 +66 04 20.241816401   13.381 12.413 12.106   ~ 15 0
10 TOI-4010d Pl 01 20 51.4586151266 +66 04 20.241816401           ~ 10 0
11 TOI-5678b Pl 03 09 32.2118130648 -34 11 53.149633152           ~ 10 0
12 TOI-5761.01 Pl? 03 09 40.1946879456 +75 02 51.463994784           ~ 1 0
13 TYC 4508-84-1 SB* 03 09 40.1946879456 +75 02 51.463994784   13.18 12.56     ~ 2 0
14 HD 19916b Pl 03 10 03.9822990984 -50 49 56.580324492           ~ 16 0
15 HD 19916 PM* 03 10 03.9822990984 -50 49 56.580324492   8.16 7.54     F8/G0V 56 0
16 HD 20143 PM* 03 13 08.0373224424 -34 22 32.005325856   9.43 8.85     F7V 19 0
17 TOI-4187.01 Pl? 03 13 08.0373224424 -34 22 32.005325856           ~ 1 0
18 TOI-6109 Em* 03 20 31.6229965872 +42 36 25.486570296   11.64 11.05     G3 11 0
19 TOI-6109.01 Pl 03 20 31.6229965872 +42 36 25.486570296           ~ 4 0
20 TOI-2419.01 Pl? 03 33 04.9140209952 -56 35 18.064677048           ~ 1 0
21 CD-57 698 * 03 33 04.9140209952 -56 35 18.064677048   11.58 11.14     ~ 3 0
22 TOI-4940.01 Pl? 03 53 00.2784914231 -62 24 28.628343703           ~ 1 0
23 UCAC4 138-003546 * 03 53 00.2784914231 -62 24 28.628343703   13.196 12.442 12.335   ~ 1 0
24 TOI-938 * 04 12 07.7694283320 -12 07 07.641777972   11.83 11.39     ~ 7 0
25 TOI-938.01 Pl? 04 12 07.7694283320 -12 07 07.641777972           ~ 2 0
26 HD 28109 * 04 20 57.1321228464 -68 06 09.514023336   9.91 9.38     F8/G0V 35 0
27 HD 28109c Pl 04 20 57.1321228464 -68 06 09.514023336           ~ 7 0
28 TOI-4303.01 Pl? 04 49 25.4675051616 -43 21 13.275945828           ~ 1 0
29 HD 30894 * 04 49 25.4675051616 -43 21 13.275945828   10.10 9.78     F0V 23 0
30 CD-61 970b Pl 04 50 46.5701341392 -60 54 19.617060528           ~ 9 0
31 CD-61 970 * 04 50 46.5701341392 -60 54 19.617060528   10.893 10.286     ~ 23 0
32 UCAC4 484-010090 * 05 11 48.5727394493 +06 47 44.594471157   12.987 12.206 11.961   ~ 1 0
33 TOI-2450.01 Pl? 05 11 48.5727394493 +06 47 44.594471157           ~ 1 0
34 TOI-941.01 Pl? 05 13 12.1078110696 +06 32 45.783276108           ~ 3 0
35 TOI-941 * 05 13 12.1078110696 +06 32 45.783276108   12.60 12.33     ~ 6 0
36 UCAC4 176-005872 * 05 27 16.4891783064 -54 56 46.225584780   13.767 12.753 12.498   ~ 6 0
37 TOI-4409.01 Pl? 05 27 16.4891783064 -54 56 46.225584780           ~ 1 0
38 BD-14 1137c Pl 05 27 24.8258862552 -14 16 37.046186364           ~ 26 0
39 BD-14 1137b Pl 05 27 24.8258862552 -14 16 37.046186364           ~ 39 0
40 BD-14 1137 PM* 05 27 24.8258862552 -14 16 37.046186364   10.73 9.93     G9V 44 0
41 HD 37326 * 05 36 46.4393701968 -24 01 52.299514308   9.29 9.04     A5IV 9 0
42 TOI-4347.01 Pl? 05 36 46.4393701968 -24 01 52.299514308           ~ 2 0
43 HD 250118 * 06 00 12.7179678984 +22 20 24.943512588   11.92 11.33     G0V 6 0
44 TOI-5413.01 Pl? 06 00 12.7179678984 +22 20 24.943512588           ~ 1 0
45 TOI-470 PM* 06 16 02.3170906464 -25 01 52.039724808   12.25 11.17     ~ 14 0
46 TOI-470b Pl 06 16 02.3170906464 -25 01 52.039724808           ~ 4 0
47 BD+76 227b Pl 06 17 07.8623415000 +76 12 38.809391040           ~ 13 0
48 BD+76 227 MS* 06 17 07.8623415000 +76 12 38.809391040   10.20 9.54     G5 25 0
49 TYC 8546-1529-1 * 06 20 36.4623349416 -59 45 17.076336444   11.91 11.36     ~ 3 0
50 TOI-3354.01 Pl? 06 20 36.4623349416 -59 45 17.076336444           ~ 1 0
51 TOI-2350.01 Pl? 06 29 37.9551503160 -21 59 39.648585192           ~ 2 0
52 TOI-2350 * 06 29 37.9551503160 -21 59 39.648585192   12.19 11.22     ~ 6 0
53 TOI-2404.01 Pl? 06 33 46.1701810728 -74 11 24.445042368           ~ 1 0
54 TOI-2404 * 06 33 46.1701810728 -74 11 24.445042368   12.11 11.53     ~ 13 0
55 TOI-883.01 Pl? 06 53 28.6267145400 -06 30 27.027569592           ~ 3 0
56 BD-06 1797 PM* 06 53 28.6267145400 -06 30 27.027569592   10.57 9.96     ~ 9 0
57 UCAC4 295-015002 * 06 55 09.5031184139 -31 06 23.959760020   13.021 12.322 12.242   ~ 1 0
58 TOI-4806.01 Pl? 06 55 09.5031184139 -31 06 23.959760020           ~ 1 0
59 TOI-5187.01 Pl? 07 33 05.5312196160 +77 34 39.893962512           ~ 1 0
60 TYC 4531-1966-1 * 07 33 05.5312196160 +77 34 39.893962512   12.64 12.24     ~ 1 0
61 TYC 1919-1995-1 * 07 38 29.1178961688 +26 54 34.645317912   11.81 11.31     ~ 1 0
62 TOI-5504.01 Pl? 07 38 29.1178961688 +26 54 34.645317912           ~ 1 0
63 TOI-5382.01 Pl? 07 47 49.0984812072 +48 06 53.941136400           ~ 1 0
64 TYC 3410-1225-1 * 07 47 49.0984812072 +48 06 53.941136400   10.42 9.95     ~ 1 0
65 CD-63 391 PM* 08 13 35.5257226944 -64 05 27.987972432   9.74 9.39     ~ 9 0
66 TOI-790.01 Pl? 08 13 35.5257226944 -64 05 27.987972432           ~ 3 0
67 TOI-6454.01 Pl? 08 15 39.1235271816 -29 58 19.047961488           ~ 1 0
68 TOI-6454 * 08 15 39.1235271816 -29 58 19.047961488   12.48 11.55     ~ 4 0
69 K2-98b Pl 08 25 57.1878020136 +11 30 40.081742604           ~ 19 0
70 K2-98 Em* 08 25 57.1878020136 +11 30 40.081742604   12.65 12.17 12.13   F7 29 0
71 TYC 4853-486-1 * 08 29 09.4072095480 -02 06 59.878993572   11.43 10.89     ~ 1 0
72 TOI-6414.01 Pl? 08 29 09.4072095480 -02 06 59.878993572           ~ 1 0
73 TOI-5493.01 Pl? 08 34 33.6652859136 +09 02 07.235617704           ~ 1 0
74 TOI-5493 * 08 34 33.6652859136 +09 02 07.235617704   11.64 11.54     ~ 2 0
75 TYC 6013-981-1 * 08 51 35.7301575984 -16 23 10.530444588   12.10 11.59     ~ 3 0
76 TOI-2370.01 Pl? 08 51 35.7301575984 -16 23 10.530444588           ~ 1 0
77 TOI-5502.01 Pl? 09 00 49.0276005768 +27 59 53.928503376           ~ 1 0
78 TYC 1956-317-1 * 09 00 49.0276005768 +27 59 53.928503376   11.34 10.88     ~ 1 0
79 BD+19 2158b Pl 09 06 17.7565467792 +19 24 08.050560768           ~ 23 0
80 BD+19 2158 PM* 09 06 17.7565467792 +19 24 08.050560768   10.94 10.15     F8 35 0
81 K2-333 * 09 07 09.4325803056 +15 12 20.603082888   12.48 11.56     ~ 10 0
82 K2-333b Pl 09 07 09.4325803056 +15 12 20.603082888           ~ 5 0
83 TOI-5400.01 Pl? 09 07 34.3698962640 -14 20 23.441477136           ~ 1 0
84 TYC 5457-1735-1 PM* 09 07 34.3698962640 -14 20 23.441477136   12.02 11.59     ~ 1 0
85 TOI-3858 * 09 24 11.7979261632 +64 19 06.371447088   12.14 11.92     ~ 3 0
86 TOI-3858.01 Pl? 09 24 11.7979261632 +64 19 06.371447088           ~ 2 0
87 HD 89345 * 10 18 41.0577180360 +10 07 44.501913660   10.15 9.38     G5 48 0
88 HD 89345b Pl 10 18 41.0577180360 +10 07 44.501913660           ~ 40 0
89 HD 300730b Pl 10 23 56.2397428368 -56 50 35.342013012           ~ 23 0
90 TOI-2806.01 Pl? 10 31 41.1232918080 -24 13 29.048188908           ~ 1 0
91 CD-23 9350 * 10 31 41.1232918080 -24 13 29.048188908   10.985 10.501     ~ 13 0
92 TOI-1239 * 10 32 02.9684678856 +84 01 49.321785612   12.57 11.63     ~ 7 0
93 TOI-1239.01 Pl? 10 32 02.9684678856 +84 01 49.321785612           ~ 2 0
94 TOI-5174 PM* 11 36 26.2723325016 -02 01 22.967445324   11.996 11.292     ~ 9 0
95 TOI-5174b Pl 11 36 26.2723325016 -02 01 22.967445324           ~ 2 0
96 TOI-5619.01 Pl? 12 22 01.1998735776 +55 33 34.258576572           ~ 1 0
97 TYC 3837-192-1 PM* 12 22 01.1998735776 +55 33 34.258576572   11.76 11.18     ~ 3 0
98 HD 108707 * 12 29 43.0638953664 -58 14 24.611335800   9.77 9.26     F6/7V 6 0
99 TOI-3495.01 Pl? 12 29 43.0638953664 -58 14 24.611335800           ~ 1 0
100 TOI-772.01 Pl? 12 40 45.9693678312 -21 52 21.833346144           ~ 4 0
101 TOI-772 * 12 40 45.9693678312 -21 52 21.833346144   12.14 11.57     ~ 10 0
102 BD+65 902 MS* 12 48 44.3726123832 +64 51 19.147528800   10.16 9.53     G5 50 0
103 BD+65 902d Pl 12 48 44.3726123832 +64 51 19.147528800           ~ 15 0
104 UCAC4 439-055706 * 13 26 28.0856304840 -02 16 54.784918092   13.00 12.28 12.20   ~ 7 0
105 EPIC 251554286.01 Pl 13 26 28.0856304840 -02 16 54.784918092           ~ 4 0
106 TOI-823 * 14 34 37.9695847032 -40 44 23.379721800   11.012 10.458 10.473   ~ 9 0
107 TOI-823.01 Pl? 14 34 37.9695847032 -40 44 23.379721800           ~ 3 0
108 TOI-1415.01 Pl? 14 36 08.9749453608 +42 22 41.788132608           ~ 2 0
109 BD+43 2419 PM* 14 36 08.9749453608 +42 22 41.788132608   9.34 8.87     F8 23 0
110 TOI-3917.01 Pl? 14 38 56.2516807008 +37 01 36.186988908           ~ 2 0
111 TOI-3917 * 14 38 56.2516807008 +37 01 36.186988908   12.188 11.502 11.384   ~ 3 0
112 HD 130599 * 14 52 46.5033653088 -68 39 59.341187124   10.21 9.92     A8V 10 0
113 TOI-4384.01 Pl? 14 52 46.5033653088 -68 39 59.341187124           ~ 2 0
114 TOI-6079.01 Pl? 15 33 59.3929382496 +69 21 00.852765984           ~ 1 0
115 TYC 4412-1753-1 * 15 33 59.3929382496 +69 21 00.852765984   11.44 10.83     ~ 1 0
116 BD+49 2411 * 15 37 43.6040512872 +48 57 19.462491252   11.08 10.26     ~ 12 0
117 TOI-2019.01 Pl? 15 37 43.6040512872 +48 57 19.462491252           ~ 6 0
118 TOI-4600 * 17 13 48.0698585289 +64 33 58.217379576           ~ 8 0
119 TOI-4600b Pl 17 13 48.0698585289 +64 33 58.217379576           ~ 4 0
120 BD+39 3325c Pl 18 07 44.4477668952 +39 04 26.923828368           ~ 9 0
121 TOI-1692.01 Pl? 18 37 51.4771100016 +78 36 40.070814336           ~ 3 0
122 TOI-1692.02 Pl? 18 37 51.4771100016 +78 36 40.070814336           ~ 3 0
123 TOI-1692 * 18 37 51.4771100016 +78 36 40.070814336   11.53 11.06     ~ 5 0
124 HD 349266 * 18 43 31.7646942600 +20 33 38.558400048   10.51 10.05     F5 4 0
125 TOI-6646.01 Pl? 18 43 31.7646942600 +20 33 38.558400048           ~ 1 0
126 UCAC4 637-060864 * 18 44 17.7829017357 +37 21 57.668945132       12.325   ~ 1 0
127 TOI-5193.01 Pl? 18 44 17.7829017357 +37 21 57.668945132           ~ 1 0
128 BD+50 2663c Pl 18 46 18.3872847648 +50 29 32.460622584           ~ 2 0
129 BD+50 2663 PM* 18 46 18.3872847648 +50 29 32.460622584   10.36 9.60     ~ 5 0
130 BD+50 2663b Pl 18 46 18.3872847648 +50 29 32.460622584           ~ 4 0
131 Kepler-1656 Er* 18 57 53.3246033136 +39 54 42.531984144   12.016 11.252 11.096   G6V 81 0
132 Kepler-1656b Pl 18 57 53.3246033136 +39 54 42.531984144           ~ 52 0
133 TOI-1785.01 Pl? 19 02 54.8537759064 +63 56 56.057442720           ~ 2 0
134 TOI-1785 * 19 02 54.8537759064 +63 56 56.057442720   10.704 10.146 10.086   ~ 4 0
135 Kepler-63 Er* 19 16 54.2861367672 +49 32 53.451062520   12.449 11.733 11.701   G2V 145 1
136 Kepler-63b Pl 19 16 54.2861367672 +49 32 53.451062520           ~ 87 1
137 Kepler-450 Er* 19 41 56.7727769064 +51 00 48.582305136   11.99 11.692 11.685   ~ 86 0
138 TOI-2264 * 19 43 42.6295894152 +78 43 33.418718940   11.62 11.08     ~ 4 0
139 TOI-2264.01 Pl? 19 43 42.6295894152 +78 43 33.418718940           ~ 3 0
140 Kepler-396 Er* 19 44 31.8711622728 +48 58 38.563365252   12.832 12.032 11.828   G4 83 0
141 Kepler-396c Pl 19 44 31.8711622728 +48 58 38.563365252           ~ 41 0
142 TOI-2300 * 19 49 39.8347475266 +68 53 00.037547644       12.362   ~ 6 0
143 TOI-2300.02 Pl? 19 49 39.8347475266 +68 53 00.037547644           ~ 3 0
144 BD+86 314 PM* 20 24 32.1639386472 +87 04 14.949338196   11.69 10.94     G5V: 6 0
145 TOI-4450.01 Pl? 20 24 32.1639386472 +87 04 14.949338196           ~ 1 0
146 TOI-5604.01 Pl? 20 25 33.9425751216 +63 35 27.741651540           ~ 1 0
147 TYC 4237-13-1 * 20 25 33.9425751216 +63 35 27.741651540   12.83 11.68     ~ 1 0
148 TOI-2039 * 20 28 05.4970860912 +61 52 17.388479172   11.43 11.10     ~ 1 0
149 TOI-2039.01 Pl? 20 28 05.4970860912 +61 52 17.388479172           ~ 2 0
150 TOI-6247.01 Pl? 21 34 19.6879915944 +72 45 27.343709712           ~ 1 0
151 TYC 4469-1161-1 * 21 34 19.6879915944 +72 45 27.343709712   10.48 10.01     ~ 2 0
152 TYC 9340-1281-1 * 22 51 01.3369916016 -71 44 30.938557524   12.09 11.76     ~ 1 0
153 TOI-4653.01 Pl? 22 51 01.3369916016 -71 44 30.938557524           ~ 1 0
154 HD 216925 * 22 55 24.9226906080 +70 17 50.224722792   7.78 7.47     A5 17 0
155 TOI-2112.01 Pl? 22 55 24.9226906080 +70 17 50.224722792           ~ 2 0
156 HD 222259A RS* 23 39 39.4808078664 -69 11 44.707735104   9.161 8.226 9.28 7.352 G6V 190 0
157 HD 222259Ab Pl 23 39 39.4808078664 -69 11 44.707735104           ~ 73 0
158 TYC 2770-470-1 * 23 40 07.0611818304 +32 00 57.078165168   11.76 11.01     ~ 1 0
159 TOI-6012.01 Pl? 23 40 07.0611818304 +32 00 57.078165168           ~ 1 0

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