2025MNRAS.540.2530P

The luminous narrow-line Seyfert galaxy PG1211+143 was the first non Broad Absorption Line (BAL) active galactic nucleus (AGN) to reveal a powerful ionized wind, based on early observations with the European Space Agency's XMM-Newton X-ray Observatory. Subsequent observations, mainly with XMM-Newton and the Japanese Suzaku Observatory, found such winds to be a common feature of luminous AGN. Typical outflow velocities v$\sim 0.1$c and flow momenta mv$\sim \ L_{\mathrm{ Edd}} /c$ are consistent with winds being launched by continuum driving from a disc when the local mass accretion rate is super-Eddington. Here, we report the launch of a new, ultra-fast outflow component in PG1211+143 near the end of a 5-week XMM-Newton observing campaign, and discuss its origin in an ultra-fast inflow detected ∼3 weeks earlier. We note that the inflow lasted for at least 3 d and delivered at least 10 Earth mass of fresh material into the innermost region of the source. While this mass by itself is insufficient to cause a complete inner disc restructuring - a prediction supported by lack of change in simultaneous ultraviolet fluxes - we suggest that a ring of matter at $R\sim 20 R_{\rm g}$, located via its gravitational redshift, was subsequently accreted, leading to the launch of a new outflow at a velocity v$\sim 0.27$c.