2025NatAs...9.1073S

Query : 2025NatAs...9.1073S

2025NatAs...9.1073S - Nature Astronomy, 9, 1073-1085 (2025/July-0)

A fast X-ray transient from a weak relativistic jet associated with a type Ic-BL supernova.

SUN H., LI W.-X., LIU L.-D., GAO H., WANG X.-F., YUAN W., ZHANG B., FILIPPENKO A.V., XU D., AN T., AI S., BRINK T.G., LIU Y., LIU Y.-Q., WANG C.-Y., WU Q.-Y., WU X.-F., YANG Y., ZHANG B.-B., ZHENG W.-K., AHUMADA T., DAI Z.-G., DELAUNAY J., ELIAS-ROSA N., BENETTI S., FU S.-Y., HOWELL D.A., HUANG Y.-F., KASLIWAL M.M., KARAMBELKAR V., STEIN R., LEI W.-H., LIAN T.-Y., PENG Z.-K., FREDERIKS D.D., RIDNAIA A.V., SVINKIN D.S., WANG X.-Y., WANG A.-L., WEI D.-M., AN J., ANDREWS M., BAI J.-M., DAI C.-Y., EHGAMBERDIEV S.A., FAN Z., FARAH J., FENG H.-C., FYNBO J.P.U., GUO W.-J., GUO Z., HU M.-K., HU J.-W., JIANG S.-Q., JIN J.-J., LI A., LI J.-D., LI R.-Z., LIANG Y.-F., LING Z.-X., LIU X., MAO J.-R., McCULLY C., MIRZAQULOV D., NEWSOME M., PADILLA GONZALEZ E., PAN X., TERRERAN G., TINYANONT S., WANG B.-T., WANG L.-Z., WEN X.-D., XIANG D.-F., XUE S.-J., YANG J., ZHU Z.-P., CAI Z.-M., CASTRO-TIRADO A.J., CHEN F.-S., CHEN H.-L., CHEN T.-X., CHEN W., CHEN Y.-H., CHEN Y.-F., CHEN Y., CHENG H.-Q., CORDIER B., CUI C.-Z., CUI W.-W., DAI Y.-F., FAN D.-W., FENG H., GUAN J., HAN D.-W., HOU D.-J., HU H.-B., HUANG M.-H., HUO J., JIA S.-M., JIA Z.-Q., JIANG B.-W., JIN C.-C., JIN G., KUULKERS E., LI C.-K., LI D.-Y., LI J.-F., LI L.-H., LI M.-S., LI W., LI Z.-D., LIU C.-Z., LIU H.-Y., LIU H.-Q., LIU M.-J., LU F.-J., LUO L.-D., MA J., MAO X., NANDRA K., O'BRIEN P., PAN H.-W., RAU A., REA N., SANDERS J., SONG L.-M., SUN S.-L., SUN X.-J., TAN Y.-Y., TANG Q.-J., TAO Y.-H., WANG H., WANG J., WANG L., WANG W.-X., WANG Y.-L., WANG Y.-S., XIONG D.-R., XU H.-T., XU J.-J., XU X.-P., XU Y.-F., XU Z., XUE C.-B., XUE Y.-L., YAN A.-L., YANG H.-N., YANG X.-T., YANG Y.-J., ZHANG C., ZHANG J., ZHANG M., ZHANG S.-N., ZHANG W.-D., ZHANG W.-J., ZHANG Y.-H., ZHANG Z., ZHANG Z., ZHANG Z.-L., ZHAO D.-H., ZHAO H.-S., ZHAO X.-F., ZHAO Z.-J., ZHOU Y.-L., ZHU Y.-X., ZHU Z.-C. and ZOU H.

Abstract (from CDS):

Massive stars end their lives as core-collapse supernovae, among which some extremes are broad-lined type Ic supernovae from Wolf-Rayet stars associated with long-duration gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs) with powerful relativistic jets. Their less-extreme brethren make unsuccessful jets that are choked inside the stars, appearing as X-ray flashes or low-luminosity GRBs. However, there exists a population of extragalactic fast X-ray transients with timescales ranging from seconds to thousands of seconds, whose origins remain obscure. Here we report the discovery of the bright X-ray transient EP240414a detected by the Einstein Probe, which is associated with the type Ic supernova SN 2024gsa at a redshift of 0.401. The X-ray emission evolution is characterized by a very soft energy spectrum peaking at <1.3 keV, which makes it different from known LGRBs, X-ray flashes or low-luminosity GRBs. Follow-up observations at optical and radio bands revealed the existence of a weak relativistic jet that interacts with an extended shell surrounding the progenitor star. Located on the outskirts of a massive galaxy, this event reveals a population of explosions of Wolf-Rayet stars characterized by a less powerful engine that drives a successful but weak jet, possibly owing to a progenitor star with a smaller core angular momentum than in traditional LGRB progenitors.


Abstract Copyright: 2025 The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited

Journal keyword(s):

Simbad objects: 10

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Number of rows : 10
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 SN 2006aj SN* 03 21 39.670 +16 52 02.27 17.96 19.11 17.40     SNIc-BL 1007 1
2 SN 2010bh SN* 07 10 30.63 -56 15 19.7           SNIc 336 1
3 SN 2012bz SN* 09 07 38.38 +14 01 07.5           SNIb/c 193 1
4 SN 2008D SN* 09 09 30.625 +33 08 20.16     17.5     SNIb 458 1
5 SN 2003dh SN* 10 44 50.030 +21 31 18.15     16.2     SNIcpec 1261 1
6 SN 2024gsa SN* 12 46 01.669 -09 43 08.88           SNIc-BL 32 0
7 SDSS J124601.99-094309.3 G 12 46 01.9992569795 -09 43 09.360802744           ~ 6 0
8 iPTF 16asu SN* 12 59 09.28 +13 48 09.2           SLSN-I 49 0
9 SN 1998bw SN* 19 35 03.17 -52 50 46.1   14.09       SNIc 1928 2
10 SN 2014ft SN* 23 33 27.95 +33 38 46.1           SNIc 58 0

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