2026ApJ...997..364L


Query : 2026ApJ...997..364L

2026ApJ...997..364L - Astrophys. J., 997, 364 (2026/February-1)

The Discovery of Little Red Dots in the Local Universe: Signatures of Cool Gas Envelopes.

LIN X., FAN X., CAI Z., BIAN F., LIU H., SUN F., MA Y., GREENE J.E., STRAUSS M.A., GREEN R., LYU J., CHAMPAGNE J.B., GOULDING A.D., INAYOSHI K., JIN X., LEUNG G.C.K., LI M., LIU W., LIU Y., MAO J., PUDOKA M.A., TEE W.L., WANG B., WANG F., WU Y., YANG J., ZHANG H. and ZHU Y.

Abstract (from CDS):

JWST observations have revealed a population of high-redshift “little red dots” (LRDs) that challenge conventional active galactic nucleus (AGN) models. We report the discovery of three local LRDs at z = 0.1-0.2, initially selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey database, with follow-up optical/near-IR spectroscopy and photometry. They exhibit properties fully consistent with those of high-redshift LRDs, including broad hydrogen and helium emission lines, compact morphologies, V-shaped UV-optical spectral energy distribution, declining near-IR continua, and no significant variability. Two sources were targeted but not detected in X-rays with statistical significance. All three sources show blue-shifted He I absorption, while two exhibit Hα and Na D absorption lines. We detect full Balmer and Paschen line series in all three objects, along with abundant narrow [Fe II] emission in two. The emission-line analyses suggest narrow lines originate from AGN-powered, metal-poor regions with minimal dust; broad lines come from inner regions with exceptionally high density or atypical dust properties; and [Fe II] emission arises from dense gas between broad- and narrow-line regions. One of our objects, J1025+1402 (nicknamed “The Egg”), shows extremely high equivalent width Na D, K I, and Ca II triplet absorption lines, along with other potential low-ionization absorption features, suggesting the presence of a cool (∼5000 K), metal-enriched gas envelope. The optical/near-IR continua of these LRDs are also consistent with theoretical models featuring an atmosphere around black holes (BHs). The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer-detected IR emission is consistent with weak dust emission of T ∼ 102-103 K. We propose a conceptual model consisting of a largely thermalized cool-gas envelope surrounding the central BH and an extended emission-line region with high-density outflowing gas to explain the observed properties of these local LRDs.

Abstract Copyright: © 2026. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

Journal keyword(s): Black holes - Active galactic nuclei - High-redshift galaxies

Status at CDS : Acronym for new objects described in the dictionary of nomenclature and being created in SIMBAD.

Simbad objects: 6

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Number of rows : 6
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA
ICRS (J2000)
DEC
Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026
#notes
1 [FZP2023] A2744-QSO1 AGN 00 14 19.159 -30 24 05.65           ~ 37 0
2 ACO 2744 ClG 00 14 20.03 -30 23 17.8           ~ 1077 0
3 Mrk 1502 Sy1 00 53 34.9331107632 +12 41 35.929269132   14.41 14.03     ~ 1242 1
4 SDSS J102208.52+084156.1 Sy1 10 22 08.5287502608 +08 41 56.201101800   21.72 20.73     ~ 4 0
5 2MASS J10253030+1402078 Sy1 10 25 30.2923813752 +14 02 07.394019972   20.59 19.77     ~ 14 0
6 SDSS J104755.92+073951.2 Sy1 10 47 55.9259281296 +07 39 51.232332240   20.04 19.81     ~ 13 1

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