2026ApJ...998..139A

Query : 2026ApJ...998..139A

2026ApJ...998..139A - Astrophys. J., 998, 139 (2026/February-2)

A Systematic NLTE Study of Very Metal-poor Stars with Metallicity down to -4.3 dex. VI. Light Neutron-capture Elements and the Sr-Na Correlation as a Signature of Spinstar Nucleosynthesis in the Early Galaxy.

ALEXEEVA S., YAN H., ZHAO G., SHI J., LI H., LIU S., ZHOU Z., ZHANG J., ZHAO J., WU Y., CHEN Y., CHEN H., ZHANG H. and AOKI W.

Abstract (from CDS):

We present a non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) abundance analysis of the light neutron-capture elements Sr, Y, and Zr in a sample of 103 very metal-poor stars spanning -4.3 ≲ [Fe/H] ≲ -1.7, based on high-resolution Subaru/HDS spectra and atmospheric parameters from Paper I. This is the first NLTE study of Sr-Y-Zr abundances using a large, homogeneous sample optimized for tracing Galactic chemical evolution (GCE). We find a mild positive trend in [Sr, Y, Zr/Fe] with [Fe/H], consistent with GCE models that incorporate s-process, electron-capture supernovae, compact object mergers, and magnetorotational supernovae, without invoking additional light-element primary processes. We report a statistically significant correlation between [Sr/Fe] and [Na/Fe] in our stellar sample. This finding supports the contribution of fast-rotating massive stars (spinstars) to the simultaneous production of sodium through hydrogen burning and light neutron-capture elements via the weak s-process in low-metallicity environments. We identify five Sr-poor stars exhibiting significantly lower Sr, Y, and Zr abundances than other stars at similar [Fe/H], pointing to chemical inhomogeneities in early star-forming environments. These light neutron-capture elements therefore provide valuable tracers of early nucleosynthetic processes and the Milky Way's assembly history.

Abstract Copyright: © 2026. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

Journal keyword(s): Chemical abundances - Stellar abundances - Galaxy chemical evolution - Stellar nucleosynthesis

Status at CDS : Large table(s) will be appraised for possible ingestion in VizieR.

Simbad objects: 104

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Number of rows : 104
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 NGC 104 GlC 00 24 05.359 -72 04 53.20     4.09     ~ 4158 0
2 TYC 1192-20-1 Pe* 00 55 27.4870913448 +18 57 57.194800704   11.55 10.77     ~ 7 0
3 PG 0116+242 HS* 01 19 29.0453639688 +24 25 31.247467608   12.19 11.72 11.76   sdB+? 16 0
4 BD+47 435 Pe* 01 31 15.9087963381 +48 00 17.425683904       9.8   sdF7 31 0
5 BPS CS 31063-0069 Pe* 02 32 50.2160620008 +05 45 04.498533180   14.39 13.98 13.83   ~ 9 0
6 G 4-37 Pe* 02 44 35.0876406984 +08 28 50.094009408   11.90 11.4 11.0   F7 96 0
7 ATO J041.6782+26.7243 RR* 02 46 42.7695077160 +26 43 28.891441272   11.62 11.30     ~ 7 0
8 HE 0324-0152 Pe* 03 26 53.8806654840 +02 02 28.154905512   12.49 12.67     CEMP-no 21 0
9 2MASS J03521076+0514508 Pe* 03 52 10.76856 +05 14 50.8236           ~ 4 0
10 TYC 81-1456-1 Pe* 04 23 32.7530509872 +05 38 49.607402856   12.40 11.72     ~ 9 0
11 UCAC4 713-040958 Pe* 05 54 08.5305002483 +52 35 59.348356258   14.531 13.751 13.497   ~ 8 0
12 UCAC4 753-042171 Pe* 06 26 47.8639498630 +60 32 54.378925263   14.626 13.946 13.889   ~ 6 0
13 LSPM J0637+4308 Pe* 06 37 53.5032779352 +43 08 18.717457308   10.8   12.2   ~ 6 0
14 TYC 3778-529-1 Pe* 06 43 01.8624542088 +59 34 30.892948644   11.91 11.40     ~ 8 0
15 2MASS J06430513+5111252 Pe* 06 43 05.1316834167 +51 11 25.058317090           ~ 5 0
16 UCAC4 580-035854 Pe* 07 05 42.3038780016 +25 52 26.882410182   14.198 13.496 13.432   ~ 9 0
17 TYC 1346-877-1 Pe* 07 14 22.6363616160 +16 00 42.505716312   12.24 11.60     ~ 12 0
18 TYC 3407-1352-1 Pe* 07 48 47.3005759968 +46 13 08.340735360   11.69 11.10     ~ 13 0
19 2MASS J08281032+0037065 Pe* 08 28 10.3163562172 +00 37 06.443877567           ~ 5 0
20 TYC 1941-108-1 Pe* 08 32 58.3152852288 +24 50 01.073258556   12.28 12.34     ~ 7 0
21 TYC 1942-674-1 Pe* 08 34 48.9252716568 +23 07 34.404145176   12.86 12.75     ~ 5 0
22 2MASS J08450707+0150108 Pe* 08 45 07.07424 +01 50 10.8816           ~ 4 0
23 2MASS J09131382+0726138 Pe* 09 13 13.8273863517 +07 26 13.992848668           ~ 6 0
24 TYC 1955-605-1 Pe* 09 24 49.0879702176 +26 51 47.338351200   12.35 12.32     ~ 4 0
25 TYC 4894-657-1 Pe* 09 34 08.8067139672 -01 08 25.367458308   13.04 12.01     ~ 7 0
26 TYC 4897-266-1 Pe* 09 34 37.9054656240 -02 59 29.878168056   13.10 13.20     ~ 5 0
27 NSVS 13020010 RR* 09 48 09.4109617272 +00 00 08.169791652   12.27 11.75     ~ 12 0
28 TYC 251-1086-1 Pe* 10 14 24.9811565544 +05 47 27.907081476   12.58 12.60     ~ 6 0
29 2MASS J10175884+3755570 Pe* 10 17 58.8292351312 +37 55 57.120386518           ~ 4 0
30 2MASS J10321544+4209591 Pe* 10 32 15.4524908940 +42 09 59.115559964           ~ 5 0
31 2MASS J10412794+1056278 Pe* 10 41 27.9524001651 +10 56 28.014466729           kA1hA3mA7 5 0
32 2MASS J10441095-0358560 Pe* 10 44 10.9498249176 -03 58 56.093088180   13.410 12.925 12.76 12.34 CEMP 14 0
33 TYC 1434-1004-1 Pe* 10 50 09.2622483096 +21 35 32.524795968   11.90 11.53     kA3hA5mA7 6 0
34 GD 126 Pe* 10 58 42.4552904376 -01 38 21.251587272   13.40 12.94 12.98   ~ 7 0
35 2MASS J10592232+0208131 Pe* 10 59 22.3322061768 +02 08 13.106936381           ~ 6 0
36 TYC 1436-366-1 SB* 11 01 49.3945207104 +20 31 25.959620280   11.93 11.51     ~ 9 0
37 UCAC4 456-050038 Pe* 11 02 35.9894407403 +01 02 53.857791943   13.381 12.619 12.548   ~ 8 0
38 UCAC4 490-054409 Pe* 11 09 01.2240768416 +07 54 41.781589660   13.361 12.403 12.197   ~ 19 0
39 TYC 4928-1438-1 Pe* 11 18 35.8831613496 -06 50 45.020130180   12.577 11.606 10.822 10.099 CEMP-no 32 0
40 TYC 2520-1053-1 Pe* 11 23 48.3296188320 +32 17 09.953669112   12.25 11.94     ~ 4 0
41 LP 492-53 Pe* 11 23 54.6595479096 +09 37 41.514147984   13.45   12.0   ~ 18 0
42 BPS BS 16077-0007 Pe* 11 35 17.9891075856 +31 00 23.431937724   12.79 12.40 12.49   ~ 19 0
43 TYC 3015-952-1 Pe* 11 37 16.0380126000 +44 13 20.796848472   12.73 12.28     ~ 4 0
44 SBS 9 SB* 11 44 17.5782091440 +40 32 17.973562848     12.0 11.6   sdF/G 41 0
45 G 176-55 Pe* 11 47 36.5658222552 +44 58 54.425804304   13.5   12.9   G5 16 0
46 TYC 279-1113-1 Pe* 11 58 52.1373345816 +05 31 59.122481592   12.04 11.58     ~ 4 0
47 2MASS J12070714+2244470 Pe* 12 07 07.1153203020 +22 44 47.012862951           ~ 4 0
48 Ross 453 Pe* 12 10 55.7733238889 +00 23 54.332076195   11.53   10.9   F2 115 0
49 2MASS J12165979-0244238 Pe* 12 16 59.79168 -02 44 23.8488           ~ 4 0
50 2MASS J12213344+0907168 Pe* 12 21 33.4548983868 +09 07 16.834092569           ~ 5 0
51 2MASS J12252966-0452154 Pe* 12 25 29.6668828568 -04 52 15.491695765           ~ 5 0
52 Cl* Melotte 111 AV 1624 Pe* 12 26 18.9591090192 +23 23 17.549857068   12.38 11.64     ~ 7 0
53 Wolf 413 Pe* 12 28 30.4073318136 +25 19 35.763938976   13.24   12.2   ~ 8 0
54 TYC 880-361-1 Pe* 12 31 00.0393124824 +12 32 38.532301800   12.06 12.13 11.78   ~ 5 0
55 TYC 3841-1096-1 SB* 12 31 57.5407063488 +52 43 44.662901772   11.98 11.44     ~ 8 0
56 2MASS J12342109+4201581 Pe* 12 34 21.0821914129 +42 01 57.748868462           ~ 5 0
57 BPS BS 16085-0050 Pe* 12 37 46.6781374776 +19 22 49.551755664 12.965 12.93 12.16 11.668 11.186 ~ 32 0
58 UCAC4 490-056613 Pe* 12 53 46.0541457216 +07 53 42.934880184   12.856 12.418 12.425   CEMP-no 17 0
59 TYC 1995-1626-1 Pe* 13 05 34.8114600024 +28 15 10.452989736   12.80 12.35     ~ 7 0
60 HE 1310-0536 Pe* 13 13 31.1856437856 -05 52 12.533926152   15.055 14.347 13.829   CEMP-no 38 0
61 TYC 314-839-1 Pe* 13 45 50.4634467048 +05 13 06.325284036   12.47 11.38     CEMP 7 0
62 PG 1347+086 Pe* 13 50 15.5496793344 +08 19 16.326255180   12.29 11.89 11.84   sd 8 0
63 2MASS J13520093+2646431 Pe* 13 52 00.9302027774 +26 46 43.242207582           ~ 5 0
64 BPS BS 16554-0007 Pe* 13 53 14.7567211848 +20 21 55.257012756   13.79 13.22 13.22   kA2hA4mA7 6 0
65 2MASS J13593325+2112585 Pe* 13 59 33.2485915817 +21 12 58.515335062           kA3hA3mA8 6 0
66 BPS BS 16023-0040 Pe* 14 01 18.7678158480 +26 59 51.207450684   13.80 13.43 13.37   ~ 5 0
67 2MASS J14040930+4111313 Pe* 14 04 09.2961928110 +41 11 31.218765751           F6 5 0
68 TYC 2545-1099-1 Pe* 14 04 30.6015924048 +32 22 43.032050616   12.89 11.95     ~ 8 0
69 TYC 4982-686-1 Pe* 14 10 02.8322836080 -05 55 51.782940984   12.87 12.21     ~ 11 0
70 2MASS J14141228+1721178 Pe* 14 14 12.2929379680 +17 21 17.956104898           ~ 6 0
71 TYC 908-94-1 Pe* 14 14 32.2594740648 +14 57 48.323208960   11.89 11.15     ~ 7 0
72 2MASS J14232622+0322440 Pe* 14 23 26.2410453024 +03 22 44.095755756   12.9   11.3   ~ 7 0
73 2MASS J14242995+3343078 Pe* 14 24 29.9570507781 +33 43 07.782611411           ~ 5 0
74 2MASS J14324539+3755392 Pe* 14 32 45.3793722179 +37 55 39.245308697           ~ 6 0
75 LP 271-40 Pe* 14 34 43.7158267248 +35 40 20.437407912   12.32 12.37 12.4   ~ 9 0
76 2MASS J14563610+3122383 Pe* 14 56 36.1093171998 +31 22 38.407939185           ~ 10 0
77 UCAC4 474-052389 Pe* 14 59 49.7495311656 +04 44 16.665781344   13.217 12.454 12.215   ~ 7 0
78 TYC 2028-631-1 Pe* 15 18 21.5549569608 +25 44 33.287633340   12.13 11.40     ~ 4 0
79 2MASS J15233883+0714536 Pe* 15 23 38.8237862770 +07 14 53.597474913           G5 6 0
80 LSPM J1541+3009 Pe* 15 41 33.0362962440 +30 09 56.274410736   12.8   12.4   ~ 9 0
81 TYC 1501-1445-1 Pe* 15 48 59.4805504848 +21 13 28.458967764   11.29 10.55     ~ 4 0
82 2MASS J15580476+4149303 Pe* 15 58 04.7538916545 +41 49 30.323684158           ~ 6 0
83 UCAC4 523-061893 Pe* 16 29 01.9805133621 +14 30 50.851335276   13.622 12.686 12.429   ~ 6 0
84 2MASS J16345405+0206152 Pe* 16 34 54.0591731324 +02 06 15.193753844           ~ 5 0
85 TYC 1520-364-1 Pe* 16 40 24.6916072536 +15 50 40.846852032   12.31 11.85     ~ 6 0
86 TYC 2598-1013-1 Pe* 16 57 31.5179384928 +34 43 27.302345004   12.765 12.013 11.590 11.095 ~ 13 0
87 2MASS J17001767+2159371 Pe* 17 00 17.6764819981 +21 59 37.117421107           ~ 5 0
88 2MASS J17184813+5044219 Pe* 17 18 48.1356051548 +50 44 21.917692588           ~ 4 0
89 TYC 3095-1855-1 Pe* 17 30 25.5776255256 +41 43 34.873034268   12.59 12.05     ~ 9 0
90 TYC 2087-2281-1 Pe* 17 31 45.5385164040 +28 43 15.703017384   12.69 12.84     ~ 8 0
91 TYC 2083-2461-1 Pe* 17 33 26.5409763792 +26 33 43.187684868   13.02 12.42     ~ 7 0
92 TYC 2094-1930-1 Pe* 17 57 51.2023088232 +24 35 48.964475040   12.12 11.65     ~ 6 0
93 TYC 3534-57-1 Pe* 18 29 18.1019196432 +48 52 38.949323880   12.19 11.90     ~ 5 0
94 BD+13 3683 SB* 18 33 16.8450962112 +13 09 25.493753160   11.19 10.5 10.0   F5 112 0
95 TYC 3947-148-1 Pe* 19 54 44.1158709192 +58 53 55.270163040   11.58 11.33     ~ 4 0
96 TYC 3939-431-1 Pe* 19 58 01.3780284648 +55 33 34.808451156   13.02 13.13     ~ 4 0
97 TYC 1653-657-1 Pe* 21 09 58.0147571544 +17 25 44.019498648   11.47 10.69     ~ 7 0
98 UCAC4 464-129364 Pe* 22 16 35.9639920032 +02 46 16.993943220   13.57 12.77 12.57   CEMP-no 19 0
99 TYC 2205-2027-1 Pe* 22 16 39.3040300080 +22 32 50.390622024   12.85 11.92     ~ 8 0
100 UCAC4 556-136576 Pe* 22 17 50.5872305706 +21 04 37.166044369   14.427 13.388 13.027   CEMP-no 15 0
101 2MASS J22214882+0228448 Pe* 22 21 48.8262598080 +02 28 44.867730936 13.291 13.4 12.74 12.325 12.013 ~ 46 0
102 UCAC4 587-126921 Pe* 22 42 45.5083723019 +27 20 24.536345567   13.928 13.137 12.804   ~ 7 0
103 TYC 2257-183-1 Pe* 23 47 59.5797789504 +28 51 30.712358916   11.76 11.13     ~ 6 0
104 LSPM J2350+0236 Pe* 23 50 58.8053003616 +02 36 15.455580480       11.3   ~ 5 0

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