2026ApJ...998..306S

As radio emission from normal galaxies is a dust-free tracer of star formation, tracing the star formation history of the Universe is a key goal of the Square Kilometre Array and the Next-Generation Very Large Array. In order to investigate how well radio luminosity traces star formation rate (SFR) in the early Universe, we have examined the radio properties of a JWST Paα sample of galaxies at 1.0 ≲ z ≲ 1.8. In the GOODS-S field, we cross-matched a sample of 506 FRESCO Paα emitters with the 1.23 GHz radio continuum data from the MeerKAT MIGHTEE survey, finding 47 detections. After filtering for active galactic nuclei (via X-ray detections, hot mid-infrared dust, and extended radio emission), as well as blended sources, we obtained a sample of star-forming galaxies comprising 11 cataloged radio detections, 18 noncataloged detections (at ≈3σ-5σ), and 298 undetected sources. Stacking the 298 undetected sources, we obtain a 3.3σ detection in the radio. This sample, along with a local sample of Paα emitters, lies along previous radio luminosity/SFR relations from local (<0.2) to high redshift (z ∼ 1). Fitting the FRESCO data at 1.0 ≲ z ≲ 1.8, we find $\mathrm{log}({L}_{1.{\rm{4GHz}}})\,=$ (1.31 ± 0.17) × $\,\mathrm{log}({{\rm{SFR}}}_{{\rm{Pa}}\alpha })\,+$ (21.36 ± 0.17), which is consistent with other literature relations. We can explain some of the observed scatter in the L_1.4GHz/SFR_Paα correlation by a toy model in which the synchrotron emission is a delayed/averaged tracer of the instantaneous Paα SFR by ∼10/75 Myr.