2026ApJ...999..106O


Query : 2026ApJ...999..106O

2026ApJ...999..106O - Astrophys. J., 999, 106 (2026/March-1)

Digging into the Interior of Hot Cores with ALMA (DIHCA). VII. Disk Candidates around High-mass Stars and Evidence of Anisotropic Infall.

OLGUIN F.A., SANHUEZA P., OYA Y., GINSBURG A., BELTRAN M.T., MORII K., GALVAN-MADRID R., CHEN H.-R.V., LUO Q., TANAKA K.E.I., ZHANG S., CHENG Y., NAKAMURA F., LI S., TANIGUCHI K., GARAY G., ZHANG Q., SAITO M., SAKAI T., LU X., WENG J. and GUZMAN A.E.

Abstract (from CDS):

We study the kinematics of condensations in 30 fields forming high-mass stars with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array at a high resolution of $\sim 0\mathop{.}\limits{^{\prime\prime} }08$ on average (∼230 au). The presence of disks is important for feeding high-mass stars without feedback halting growth as their masses increase. In the search for velocity gradients resembling rotation that can reveal the presence of disks, we analyze the emission of gas tracers in 49 objects using CH3OH, CH3CN, and tentative detections of HNCO and cis-HCOOH. Most of the velocity distributions show velocity gradients indicative of rotation. We reveal a total of 32 disk candidates, the largest sample to date that has been uniformly analyzed at a few hundred astronomical unit scales in the high-mass regime. Their position-velocity maps are generally asymmetric with one side brighter than the opposite. We successfully fit a power law to the position-velocity maps of the disk candidates and find indices between -0.5 (Keplerian rotation) and -1 (rotation under specific angular momentum conservation) with a median of -0.7. Under Keplerian rotation assumption, we estimate central masses, uncorrected for inclination, ranging between 7 and 45 M⊙. Excluding outliers, the disk candidates are relatively more compact (<200 au) and less massive (<5 M⊙) than previous results at coarser angular resolution. We calculate an average Toomre-Q parameter and find that most are gravitationally unstable (median of 0.5). We conclude that these observations offer the first opportunity to separate the disk and envelope components of hot cores on a statistically significant sample, and confirm that anisotropic collapse plays a role in feeding high-mass (proto)stars.

Abstract Copyright: © 2026. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

Journal keyword(s): Star formation - Star forming regions - Massive stars

Status at CDS : All or part of tables of objects will be ingested in SIMBAD with priority 1.

Simbad objects: 37

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Number of rows : 37
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA
ICRS (J2000)
DEC
Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026
#notes
1 RAFGL 4176 Y*O 13 43 01.70352 -62 08 51.2304           ~ 163 0
2 OH 333.2-00.1 Y*? 16 19 50.87064 -50 15 10.2888           ~ 38 0
3 AGAL G333.466-00.164 cor 16 21 20.170 -50 09 47.77           ~ 27 0
4 AGAL G333.129-00.559 cor 16 21 35 -50 40.9           ~ 25 0
5 AGAL G335.789+00.174 cor 16 29 47.189 -48 15 50.23           ~ 28 0
6 SDC G335.579-0.292 DNe 16 30 58.00 -48 44 16.3           ~ 45 0
7 NAME IRAS 16293-2422A Y*O 16 32 22.869 -24 28 36.11           ~ 207 0
8 AGAL G336.018-00.827 smm 16 35 09.290 -48 46 45.86           ~ 24 0
9 OH 339.88-01.26 Y*O 16 52 04.6776 -46 08 34.404           ~ 119 1
10 IRAS 16547-4247 Y*O 16 58 17.208 -42 52 08.16           ~ 187 0
11 IRAS 16562-3959 SFR 16 59 42.257 -40 03 45.17           ~ 77 0
12 NAME NGC 6334-I Cl* 17 20 53.35 -35 47 01.5           ~ 373 0
13 NAME NGC 6334 I(N) smm 17 20 54 -35 45.0           ~ 165 1
14 AGAL G351.774-00.537 cor 17 26 43 -36 09.3           ~ 43 0
15 AGAL G005.884-00.392 smm 18 00 30.408 -24 03 59.66           ~ 25 0
16 MMB G011.109-00.114 Y*O 18 10 28.25 -19 22 29.1           ~ 67 0
17 W 31c HII 18 10 29.1 -19 56 05           ~ 357 0
18 GAL 012.89+00.49 HII 18 11 51.3 -17 31 29           ~ 217 0
19 AGAL G011.917-00.612 Y*O 18 13 58 -18 54.3           ~ 22 0
20 W 33a Y*O 18 14 39.56547 -17 52 02.2260           ~ 746 0
21 IRAS 18151-1208 Y*O 18 17 58.1254 -12 07 24.893           ~ 114 0
22 AGAL G014.114-00.574 Y*O 18 18 13 -16 57.4           ~ 35 0
23 NAME HH 80-81 IRS HII 18 19 11.8 -20 47 35           ~ 157 0
24 [FCG2011] MM1 cor 18 19 12.114 -20 47 30.61           ~ 31 0
25 EGO G016.59-0.05 HII 18 21 07.9 -14 31 53           ~ 129 0
26 RAFGL 2136 Y*O 18 22 26.52888 -13 30 14.0400           ~ 300 0
27 NAME IRDC 18223-3 Y*O 18 25 08 -12 45.5           ~ 80 0
28 AGAL G024.633+00.152 Y*O 18 35 40.0 -07 18 40           ~ 14 0
29 RAFGL 5515 HII 18 36 29.0 -07 40 33           ~ 35 0
30 CORNISH G029.9559-00.0168 Y*O 18 46 04.18 -02 39 21.3           ~ 385 0
31 AGAL G034.411+00.234 Y*O 18 53 18.0319 +01 25 25.500           ~ 108 0
32 AGAL G034.401+00.226 cor 18 53 18.6 +01 24 40           ~ 74 1
33 [BSC2014] A cor 18 54 00.645 +02 01 19.23           ~ 12 0
34 AGAL G035.132-00.744 smm 18 58 06 +01 37.1           ~ 20 0
35 [DLW84] G35.2N HII 18 58 13.036 +01 40 36.00           ~ 138 0
36 IRAS 20126+4104 Y*O 20 14 25.8816769656 +41 13 36.879427236           B2.5-B0.5 469 0
37 NAME Cyg X Cld 20 30 04.7973633 +40 51 36.002197           ~ 962 1

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