2026ApJ..1000...75G

The XRISM Resolve X-ray spectrometer makes it possible to gain detailed insights into the gas motions of the intracluster medium (ICM) of galaxy clusters. Current simulation studies focus mainly on statistical comparisons, making the comparison to the currently still small number of clusters difficult due to unknown selection effects. This study aims to bridge this gap, using simulated counterparts of Coma, Virgo, and Perseus from the SLOW constrained simulations. These clusters show excellent agreement in their properties and dynamical state with observations, thus providing an ideal testbed to understand the processes shaping the properties of the ICM. We find that the simulations match the order of the amount of turbulence for the three considered clusters, Coma being the most active, followed by Perseus, while Virgo is very relaxed. Typical turbulent velocities are a few hundred km s^–1, very close to observed values. The resulting turbulent pressure support is ≈1% for Virgo, ≈6% for Perseus, and ≈8% for Coma within the central 1%-2% of R₂₀₀. Compared to previous simulations and observations, measured velocities and turbulent pressure support are on average lower, in line with XRISM findings, thus indicating the importance of selection effects.